Nowadays energy efficiency is one the main topics in construction industry. Therefore, the main focus of attention is construction and technological methods aimed mainly at increasing of the wall’s thermal resistance. The object of the study is a multilayer enclosing structure (wall). The goal of the article is selecting the optimal enclosing structures for increasing the thermal stability and energy efficiency of the building. The article shows that heat accumulation in the wall and its thermal resistance are opposite factors. The results of the study show that the thermal resistance of the wall does not depend on layer alternation. Stationary and periodic temperature, humidity regimes of the walls depend substantially on layer alternation. The studies were conducted by the methods of thermal engineering