The article explores the internal laws of the production system (PS) of electron beam welding (EBW) using the theory of hierarchical systems, which offers various ways of decomposition of a complex system in the form of hierarchies of strata, organization and complexity of decision making. The article considers a stratified representation of PSs for electron beam welding. The given hierarchical abstraction, consisting of technological, instrumental, measuring, informational, algorithmic and system strata, is a tool for in-depth description of the PS, its elements and relationships. The stratified representation of the PS allows revealing the interaction of inherently heterogeneous levels and inter-level connections that have different interfaces. The hierarchical abstraction given in the article, consisting of technological, instrumental, measuring, informational, algorithmic, system strata , reveals the content of the EBW PS, which is characterized by a consistent vertical arrangement of subsystems, the priority of the actions of the upper-level subsystems, the dependence of the actions of the upper-level subsystems on the actual execution by the lower levels of their functions.