The Perturb and Observe (P&O) method is a widely used algorithm for the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic systems. This study presents a modified version of the P&O algorithm aimed at improving the efficiency of this process. The study highlights the limitations of the classical P&O method under conditions of rapidly changing irradiance and temperature, which lead to delays and incorrect decisions in achieving the MPP. To overcome these problems, it is proposed to modify the P&O algorithm by introducing adaptive perturbation of the output voltage and additional analysis of power variations. This modification makes it possible to increase the accuracy of MPPT, reduce power fluctuations, and improve the overall efficiency of the algorithm under discussion. The study implements both the classical P&O algorithm and its modified version using MATLAB Simulink software. The results demonstrate that the proposed MPPT algorithm is superior to traditional schemes, providing improved tracking characteristics, higher accuracy, and increased efficiency of photovoltaic systems.