https://www.elibrary.ru/title_about_new.asp?i
2782-6724
Global Energy
23
2
2017
REV
RUS
7-16
Rudskoj
Andrey
rector@spbstu.ru
8840090300
Borovkov
Alexey
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russia
Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
Romanov
Pavel
umo@spbstu.ru
Kiseleva
Klavdiia
ANALYSIS OF US AND UK EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STEM-EDUCATION
Providing the economy with qualified STEM professionals is a key task of education in technologically developed countries. The basis of STEM education is the experience of pre-revolutionary and Soviet Russia in engineering training. In developed countries, educational strategies involve the development of STEM education. The analysis of the experience of STEM education in the United States of America and Great Britain, of the arising problems and ways of solving them are important to consider in Russia.
10.18721/JEST.230201
37.014.54
CONTINUING EDUCATION; NATURAL-SCIENTIFIC TRAINING; STEM; DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.1/
1_rudskoy.pdf
REV
RUS
17-27
Denisov
Roman
Elistratov
Victor
elistratov@cef.spbstu.ru
Gsaenger
Shtefan
sg@wwindea.org
WIND POWER IN RUSSIA: OPPORTUNITIES, BARRIERS AND PROSPECTS
The article was written in the framework of the international project «Prospects of the wind energy market in Russia» under the leadership of the World Wind Energy Association. The project aims to improve the understanding of the opportunities and the existing barriers that characterize the wind energy sector. The focus of the study lies on the grid-connected regions of Russia, but the isolated regions are discussed as well. Recently, the wind power market in Russia has gained momentum for dynamic growth and in the summer of 2016 the results of the first competitive selection of 700 MW wind projects in the wholesale electricity market were announced, to be built over the next three years. According to the Government Decree no. 449, 3.6 GW of installed capacity will be installed by 2024. This study shows that there are a number of barriers in the wind energy market, which remain to be addressed: a general lack of investments and investors, a significant number of weaknesses in the regulatory framework, challenges with the grid connection. The retail market has been analyzed in particular with regard to the barriers in the remote and isolated regions of Russia. There is only a rather small number of wind power projects in this market, which is lacking in regulatory frameworks and in cost transparency, and has a poor infrastructure. The main findings are based on analysis of the data obtained in interviews with the key stakeholders of the Russian wind power sector. The study concludes with recommendations on how the identified barriers can be addressed. Creating a sizable market also includes the tasks of improving the existing standards, introducing a state territory planning program for wind energy projects and starting a massive-scale state participation in pilot projects in remote and isolated regions.
10.18721/JEST.230202
326.251
WIND ENERGY; WIND TURBINE; WHOLESALE MARKET; OFF-GRID; BARRIERS; PROSPECTS
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.2/
2_denisov.pdf
RAR
RUS
28-40
Semakina
Elena
chern@pef.spbstu.ru
Chernikov
Victor
chern@pef.spbstu.ru
Sukhanov
Aleksandr
PRESSURE RIPPLE IN FLOW AND VIBRATION OF EXHAUST DUCT DETAILS OF CTU
The paper presents the results of acoustic and vibration studies of a model of a two-shaft GTU exhaust duct. The testing was carried out together with the model of the last stage providing real boundary conditions at the duct inlet. The intensity of the pressure ripple near the walls of the exhaust duct for two turbine modes was determined as a result of the tests. Vibrations of the exhaust duct walls were measured. The amplitude of the pressure ripple in the flow of collector box corresponding to the experimentally determined amplitude of the vibrations of its side wall was determined by alternative calculations. The measured intensity of the pressure ripple was compared with the results of measurements of pulsations in the flow of diffuse areas of nozzles. The impact of the GTU mode on the level of the pressure ripple in flow was found.
10.18721/JEST.230203
621.165.001.5
TURBINE STAGE; EXHAUST DUCT; TURBINE DIFFUSER; STRUTS; PRESSURE RIPPLE IN FLOW; VIBRATION OF THE EXHAUST DUCT
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.3/
3_semakina.pdf
RAR
RUS
41-52
Svoboda
Dmitriy
svoboda.dmitry@gmail.com
Zharkovskiy
Alexandr
Ivanov
Evgenii
FLOW CHANNEL DESIGN FOR AN AXIAL-FLOW PUMP WITH A LOW SPECIFIC SPEED
It is shown that the pressure characteristic of a pump operating as the main circulation pump unit in reactor facilities should have a stable form without a sink area. The reason for the failure of the characteristic in low-feed modes is described. The recommendations for designing the flow channel of a low-speed axial-flow pump with an increasing form of the pump characteristic are proposed on the basis of numerical studies. The methods for optimizing the geometry of the blade system were applied in the modeling process using the DesignXplorer optimization tool built in the Ansys Workbench software package. To obtain the desired form of the characteristic, it is necessary to set a variable law of the theoretical pressure distribution along the blade span, to provide a stepless and smooth flow around the leading edge of the impeller blade, to increase the blade coverage angles, and to reduce the losses in the straightening machine in low-feed mode. The paper presents the energy characteristics for the axial-flow pump, designed taking into account the recommendations developed.
10.18721/JEST.230204
621.671.001.024
AXIAL-FLOW PUMP; FLOW CHANNEL; NUMERICAL STUDY; DESIGNING; PUMP CHARACTERISTICS; OPTIMIZATION
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.4/
4_svoboda.pdf
RAR
RUS
53-61
Reznik
Aleksandr
alexreznik85@gmail.com
Zhuravleva
Natalya
Natalia_Zhurav@mail.ru
Kiesewetter
Dmitry
Tashlanov
Dmitrii
INFLUENCE OF THE DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF CELLULOSE MACROMOLECULES ON THE OPERABILITY OF PAPER-IMPREGNATED INSULATION OF POWER TRANSFORMERS
The effect of the initial average degree of polymerization (DP0) of cellulose macromolecules on the electrical properties of industrially produced electrical insulating paper (EIP) was studied. A comparative assessment was conducted on the short-term electric strength, as well as on the changes in the degree of polymerization and the mechanical tensile strength of the EIP with different DP0 in the process of accelerated thermal aging. It has been confirmed that the currently accepted paper operability limits are unreasonable. The analysis of the experimental results was carried out relying on the micrographs (obtained with SEM), which clearly illustrates structural changes in the EIP cellulose base. The results of the study correct the notion of the limit of the physical existence of cellulose fibers and the relationship between the EIP resource and DP0. On the basis of the information obtained, the assumptions about the reasons for the discrepancy between the experimental and calculated values of the DP and the mechanical strength of the paper are formulated, as well as the factors causing the discrepancy between the time when the material reaches a limit state using criterial characteristics: DPcr = 200 units and Рd 50 % (the reduction of the initial mechanical strength by 50 %). A reasoned conclusion is given on the need to adjust the views on the resource of cellulosic dielectrics and paper-impregnated insulation.
10.18721/JEST.230205
621.3.048.1
DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF CELLULOSE; ELECTRICAL INSULATING PAPER; OPERABILITY OF POWER TRANSFORMER; PAPER-IMPREGNATED INSULATION
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.5/
5_reznik.pdf
RAR
RUS
62-74
Trinchenko
Aleksei
trinchenko@mail.ru
Paramonov
Aleksandr
papamon@mail.ru
TECHNICAL RE-EQUIPMENT OF THE BKZ-210–140–13,8 BOILER ON THE BASIS OF LOW-TEMPERATURE VORTEX COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY
Compliance with increasingly stringent regulatory requirements for the level of pollutant emissions from fossil fuels as a source of heat source in power engineering requires constant improvement of boiler-furnace equipment and energy equipment in general. The paper presents the results of a numerical study of the process of combustion, generation and conversion of gas pollutants for the theoretical justification and industrial verification of the possibility of creating a multi-fuel low-temperature swirl furnace that meets the requirements of environmental legislation. On the basis of the developed methods, algorithms and computer methods, a quantitative assessment of nitrogen oxide emissions during the technical re-equipment of the BKZ-210–140f boiler at the Kirov TPP-4 was performed, and their comparison with the experimental data obtained after the reconstruction was carried out. Calculated and industrial studies have proved that is possible to create and efficiently operate a multi-fuel low-temperature swirl furnace.
10.18721/JEST.230206
621.181:622.612
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION; ENERGETICS; TECHNICAL RE-EQUIPMENT; FUEL; COMBUSTION CHAMBER; COMBUSTION; GASEOUS POLLUTANTS; NUMERICAL SIMULATION; MATHEMATICAL MODEL
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.6/
6_trinchenko.pdf
RAR
RUS
75-80
Chicherin
Stanislav
THE RELIABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF MEDIUM-TEMPERATURE DISTRICT HEATING
The goal of this paper is to provide a scenario and a methodology that focuses on solutions for optimal network design to enable failure-free operation. If both reliability and energy-efficiency are the focus targets, low operating temperatures are desirable in a district heating system, from standpoint of the distribution network and the heat source. The equivalent diameter of the network using the medium pipe diameter, its length, and the total network length was defined. For simplification, we propose to determine the calculated and the standard heat losses by modeling the object of research using mathematical flow distribution models implemented in the corresponding geoinformation systems and software simulation package complexes (for example, Zulu). An urban area of the town of Barabinsk was designated as a test site; the area represented the attributes of many communities across Russia. We have proposed a concept for introducing medium-temperature district heating systems and a method of using existing tools to justify its implementation. The procedure we have developed allows to quickly compare the generalized technical and economic indicators of various reconstruction options for such facilities without resorting to purely economic characteristics and monetary indicators. We aimed at organizing the successive steps of a typical feasibility study, pointing out the critical issues and discussing the possible solutions. We applied the methodology to a specific case study, but it can be applied elsewhere, after making sure that the economic and technical input data match the actual conditions of the site considered. Medium-temperature district heating had a better energy performance than high-temperature district heating, decreasing the heat loss by approximately 5%. The sizes of the pipes size equivalent and the only difference was the necessity of using steel pipes. The low-temperature networks required more energy and additional capital investment. At the same time, the introduction of low-temperature heating should be considered as a long-term measure, since from a socio-economic standpoint this will allow to connect individual renewable energy sources and consumers using heat power with a high efficiency to the existing heat networks.
10.18721/JEST.230207
697.34
DISTRICT HEATING; DISTRIBUTION NETWORK; LOW-TEMPERATURE; RELIABILITY; ENERGY-EFFICIENCY; LOW OPERATING TEMPERATURES; HEAT SOURCE; RENEWABLE ENERGY; LOW-ENERGY BUILDINGS; EQUIVALENT DIAMETER
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.7/
7_chicherin.pdf
RAR
RUS
81-90
Belko
Viktor
Glivenko
Dmitrii
Emelyanov
Oleg
oaemel2@gmail.com
Ivanov
Ivan
CURRENT OVERLOAD MODE INFLUENCE ON ELECTRICAL CAPACITORS PARAMETRS
We have experimentally studied the operation of metallized film capacitors in high current overload mode. We have detected changes in the frequency dependencies of capacitance and dissipation factor were found. It was found that effective capacitance rapidly decreases in the high frequency region (more than 1 kHz). Moreover, an increase in the dissipation factor increasing and the appearance of maxima in the frequency dependence were found. The degradation of contact edges was numerically modelled. The results of numerical modeling showed that the changes in the frequency dependencies of capacitance and dissipation factor is due to the degradation of contact edges and the subsequent non-uniform distribution of electric potential in capacitor electrodes. Based on the experimental and calculated data, we have suggested an equivalent circuit of a metallized film capacitor. This circuit takes into account the degradation of electrodes during operation in overload mode.
10.18721/JEST.230208
621.319.4
ELECTRICAL CAPASITORS; CAPACITANCE; DISSIPATION FACTOR; EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT; NUMERICAL MODELING
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.8/
8_belko.pdf
RAR
RUS
91-100
Sakhno
Ludmila
lsahno2010@yandex.ru
Sakhno
Olga
Olasahno@mail.ru
Fedorov
Pavel
Radomsky
Yurii
DEVELOPMENT OF EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF HIGH FREQUENCY RESISTANCE SPOT WELDING SYSTEMS
The paper considers high-frequency resistance spot welding systems. These systems have full-wave center-tapped output rectifiers. The frequency varies from 1000 Hz to 10 kHz. The paper presents an equivalent circuit for these systems, which allows to investigate the influence of electromagnetic parameters of the transformer on power consumption, on the efficiency, and on the welding current. This circuit is necessary to create low-cost power sources for welding the parts made of zirconium, titanium, or radiation-resistant steels. The equivalent circuit of three-winding transformers is used, which has a number of advantages compared to the classical equivalent circuit. The three-winding welding transformer is replaced by two two-winding ones. We take into account the mutual influence of the magnetic leakage fields of these two-winding transformers on electromagnetic processes in the resistance spot systems. The study of the transformer’s parameters includes both 2D eddy-current FEA analysis for estimating the leakage impedance and the circuit simulation, which gives the output current power consumption. The effectiveness of the developed equivalent circuit of the source was tested experimentally.
10.18721/JEST.230209
812.35.17.11
SPOT WELDING; INVERTOR; THREE-WINDING TRANSFORMER; EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT; MAGNETIC LEAKAGE FIELD; MAGNETIC COUPLING FACTOR FOR THE LEAKAGE FLUXES91
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.9/
9_sakhno.pdf
RAR
RUS
101-108
Ruzich
Evgenii
Kiselev
Vladimir
kis_vg@mail.ru
INFLUENCE OF PREPARATORY MEASURES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DIN 30676 STANDART ON THE CATHODIC PROTECTION OF POWER PIPELINES
The paper presents the results of analysis and systematization of the main factors determining the cathodic protection parameters of underground metal communications. The most comprehensive and detailed consideration was given to the influence of preparatory measures in accordance with DIN 30676 on anti-corrosive protection of power pipelines. These measures included: improving the insulation quality (increasing the electrical resistance of coatings and ensuring their integrity), ensuring the high longitudinal conductivity of pipelines, eliminating the contacts of underground metal structures with other grounded structures. Practical recommendations for reducing power losses in cathodic protection systems are proposed on the basis of the conducted research. Additionally, we have confirmed the expediency of using measures from DIN 30676, dedicated to the design of anti-corrosive protection, for improving the efficiency of national underground metal pipelines of power systems.
10.18721/JEST.230210
621.311.22(075.8)
CORROSION; ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION; CATHODIC CORROSION PROTECTION; ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION PROTECTION; CORROSION PROTECTION OF UNDERGROUND METAL COMMUNICATIONS
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.10/
10_ruzich.pdf
RAR
RUS
109-126
Matveev
Mikhail
matveev_ma@inbox.ru
NUMERICAL ESTIMATION OF THE PROBABILITY OF METAL FAILURE UNDER HOT PLASTIC DEFORMATION BY MEANS OF THE COCKCROFT — LATHAM CRITERION
The paper presents a new method for evaluating the potential destruction of metal during hot rolling, providing for joint use of physical and numerical simulation. We have applied this technique in rolling pipe line steel of strength category X42 on a continuous mill 2000 and K60 on a reversing mill 5000. The Gleeble 3800 simulator allowing to model the majority of thermomechanical processes was used to determine hot ductility. The Deform 3DTM software was used for determining the limit values of the Cockcroft-Latham failure criterion and for failure probability analysis during hot rolling. AusEvol+ software was used for studying the relaxation processes taking place during the rough and the final stages of rolling for edge and average temperatures. It was established that the degree of stress relaxation had to be taken into account in mathematical simulations of rolling modes in the Deform 3DTM software and in determining the limit values of the Cockcroft-Latham criterion by the average temperature during the rough stage of rolling. In view of this, the values of the accumulated effective strain were zeroed after each pass in the rough stage of rolling when calculating the Cockcroft-Latham failure criterion. In the numerical simulation in calculating the Cockcroft-Latham failure criterion for the finish rolling passes as well as for the edge area of the sheet during rough rolling, strain accumulation was taken into account if stress relaxation did not occur. It was established that the steels under consideration have a high ductility and failure should not occur either in the bulk of the metal or at the edge throughout the rolling cycle. Failure possibility can be initiated by the existence defects in initial slab and not optimized temperature and deformation schedules. However, failure of metal is possible during hot rolling due to the presence of defects in the initial slab and due to the violation of the temperature and deformation regimes. The proposed technique can be used for other types of pressure processing of metal.
10.18721/JEST.230211
621.77.019; 669–122.4
COCKCROFT — LATHAM FAILURE CRITERION; CRACK FORMATION DURING HOT ROLLING; HOT DUCTILITY; HOT ROLLING; PIPE LINE STEEL; PHYSICAL SIMULATION; NUMERICAL SIMULATION
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.11/
11_matveev.pdf
RAR
RUS
127-143
Artemyeva
Darina
Khaydorov
Aleksandr
haidorow@yandex.ru
Anastasiadi
Grigory
STRUCTURE AND LONG-TERM STRENGTH OF MARTENSITE-FERRITIC STEEL 07CR12NIMOVB ALLOYED WITH NITROGEN
In this paper, we have investigated the structure, the phase composition and the distribution of alloying elements in the structure and the creep strength of 12% chromium martensite-ferritic steels with a nitrogen content within the grade composition of 0.017 and increased to 0.06% (mass.). It is found that increasing the nitrogen content leads to a decrease in the amount of ferrite in the steel structure, to an increase in the density of dislocations, as well as to the precipitation of fine carbonitrides of niobium, located on the borders. It was found that increasing the amount of nitrogen in a steel of grade 07Cr12NiMoVB increases its long-term strength. The conditional parametric diagrams for the steel of grade 07Cr12NiMoVB with different nitrogen content using the values of long-term strength at temperatures of 550 and 600°C were constructed. A significant increase was discovered in the value of long-term strength with increasing content of nitrogen in the steel of grade 07Cr12NiMoVB.
10.18721/JEST.230212
669.1.017:669.15.194.56
MARTENSITE-FERRITIC STEELS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PHASE COMPOSITION; LONG-TERM STRENGTH
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.12/
12_artemeva.pdf
RAR
RUS
144-158
Efimova
Kseniia
efimovaksenia@mail.ru
Galevsky
Gennadiy
kafcmet@mail.ru
Rudneva
Victoria
THE CURRENT STATUS OF TITANIUM DIBORIDE PRODUCTION: ASSESSMENT AND DETERMINATION OF THE DOMINANT TRENDS AND PROSPECTS
10.18721/JEST.230213
621.762
NANOPOWDERS
TITANIUM
BORON
TITANIUM DIBORIDE
CARBOTHERMIC METHOD
MAGNESIUM-THERMAL METHOD
GAS-PHASE METHOD
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.13/
13_efimova.pdf
RAR
RUS
159-165
Dobrotvorski
Alexander
npolencor@peterstar.ru
Gyulihandanov
Evgenii
bogomolova_ev@spbstu.ru
Maslikova
Elena
lenamaslikova@inbox.ru
DESTRUCTION OF LOW-CARBON-STEEL PIPELINES IN ENVIRONMENTS CONTAINING HYDROGEN SULFIDE
Analysis of the material of the petrochemical industry objects due to their long operation is extremely important to assess their safety. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of long-term operation of petrochemical equipment of unalloyed and low-alloyed steel at climatic temperatures in technological environments containing hydrogen sulfide on the degradation of the structure of this equipment. We have carried out calculations of carbon diffusion to the surface during decarburization, indicating a clear possibility of diffusion fluxes of interstitial elements occurring under climatic temperatures and long exposures. The paper presents data on the structure and technological precipitation of equipment components after long-term operation (30 years or more) in oil refineries. We have carried out calculations of carbon diffusion to the surface during decarburization, indicating a clear possibility of diffusion fluxes of interstitial elements occurring under climatic temperatures and long exposures. The reason for decarburization during operation in an environment containing hydrogen sulfide, in this case, should not be attributed to hydrogen corrosion, but to an oxide layer forming due to the presence of condensate and water vapor.
10.18721/JEST.230214
621.182
HYDROGEN SULFIDE; DECARBONIZATION; CLIMATE TEMPERATURE; OIL REFINING
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.14/
14_dobrotvorskiy.pdf
RAR
RUS
166-174
Kononov
Aleksander
a.a.kononov@russia.ru
Matveev
Mikhail
matveev_ma@inbox.ru
PHASE COMPOSITION CHANGE OF THE GRAIN-ORIENTED SILICON STEEL DURING HOT ROLLING
The austenite fraction dependence on temperature in grain-oriented silicon steel was determined by physical simulation. The change in the temperature distribution along strip thickness of grain-oriented silicon steel during the hot rolling process was studied by the finite element method. Based on the data obtained, the phase composition variation in the strip was determined. It is shown that the temperature gradient across the strip thickness of grain-oriented silicon steel leads to inhomogeneous distribution of austenite in the steel structure. The different contents of phase components across the strip thickness can lead to different processes of structure formation for different strip thicknesses (dynamic and static recrystallization, phase transformation). As a result, a structure that is heterogeneous across the strip thickness can form during hot rolling of grain-oriented silicon steel.
10.18721/JEST.230215
621.771.23:669.1:669.017.3:621.787
GRAIN-ORIENTED SILICON STEEL; HOT ROLLING; MATHEMATICAL MODELLING; PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.15/
15_kononov.pdf
RAR
RUS
175-183
Kobykhno
Iliya
D-3061-2012
7003918449
0000-0001-9623-4001
Tolochko
Oleg
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russia
Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
Klimova-Korsmik
Olga
DEVELOPMENT OF POLYMER METAL COMPOSITES BASED ON ALUMINUM, BASALT FABRIC AND THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER MATRICES
In present study, we developed laminate polymer metal composite materials based on basalt fabric and on thermoplastic polymer matrices using different aluminum alloys. The mechanical properties of the obtained samples were studied. The influence of different components on the elastic modulus of composite materials in various segments of the tension diagram has been established. Tensile strength and elastic modulus in the initial segment obey the additivity rule. Aluminum surface treatment methods were studied for improving the adhesion strength at the aluminum-polymer interface.
10.18721/JEST.230216
678.073
FIBRE REINFORCED COMPOSITES; BASALT FIBER; THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER; ALUMINUM; ADHESION; FIBER-METAL LAMINATE
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.16/
16_kobykhno.pdf
REV
RUS
184-204
7102629343
Vasil'ev
Yuriy
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russia
interserv@spbstu.ru
Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29
Petrenia
Iurii
Georgievskaia
Evgeniia
LIFETIME OF HYDRO TURBINES: A REVIEW OF FOREIGN LITERATURE
The article presents a review of foreign literary sources over the past few years relating to problems of lifetime estimation, diagnostics of turbine damage, optimization of operation modes and planning of repair works for ensuring trouble-free operation of units. The damages, typical for equipment after long operation, have a fatigue nature that is confirmed by the analysis of causes of several accidents at foreign hydroelectric power stations described in open sources of information. Particular attention is paid to the impact on the lifetimes of off-design operating conditions of hydraulic units, taking into account the constructive and technological stress concentrators, appearance and growth of defects (cracks). The article presents the methods currently used for stress-strain estimation of the most important turbine components as one of the main stages of lifetime estimation, the features and problems of their practical application, which are determined by typical operating conditions, technical and financial capabilities. The review highlights the main tendencies in developing the approaches to the problem of lifetime estimation of hydraulic equipment which determined by the highest modern requirements to the conditions of using the hydropower generation capacities. The established English abbreviations, concepts and terms relating to matters covered in this paper are given in the text. The possibility and feasibility of using foreign experience for lifetime estimation of Russian hydroelectric equipment outside the design lifetime are assessed based on the analysis of the publications discussed in this review. The prospects for developing the approaches to lifetime estimation of hydro turbines in the near future are also presented.
10.18721/JEST.230217
621.224
HYDROTURBINE; LIFETIME ESTIMATION; DAMAGE; STRESS CONCENTRATION; CRACK; EIGENFREQUENCY; RESONANCE; DAMPING
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.17/
17_vasilev.pdf
RAR
RUS
205-214
Latuhina
Anastasiia
lai-03@mail.ru
Loktionova
Elena
elena.lokt@yandex.ru
Miftakhova
Dinara
Polupanova
Juliia
julypolup@mail.com
THE RESISTANCE AND PERMEABILITY OF THE PRESSURE HYDROLINE WITH GRIDS
Short hydraulic lines operate mainly in the conditions of nonuniform fluid flow. The presence of grids, blades and other structures in hydraulic lines leads to a sharp change in the flow characteristics and to additional energy losses during the flow. Despite the extensive use of grids, there is insufficient information on the throughput of channels. In this article, flat plastic perforated grids of different degrees of permeability, installed at the outlet of the pipeline, have been investigated. The resistance coefficients of the grids have been determined experimentally. It has been demonstrated that the two methods for determining the resistance coefficient (by flow and by differential pressure on the grids) are identical. The influence of the grids on the capacity of the pipeline has been established. The dependence of the relative flow rate in the pipe on the surface porosity of the grids has been obtained. An alternative transition from the resistance coefficients to the filtration coefficients and permeability of the pipeline with grids has been proposed.
10.18721/JEST.230218
621.22.-225: 532.5
PERFORATED GRIDS; DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT; RESISTANCE COEFFICIENT; EXPOSED POROSITY; FILTRATION COEFFICIENT; PERMEABILITY COEFFICIENT.
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.18/
18_latukhina.pdf
RAR
RUS
215-222
Khrustaleva
Irina
Lyubomudrov
Sergey
Lyubomudrow@yandex.ru
Romanov
Pavel
umo@spbstu.ru
SIMULATION MODEL OF TECHNOLOGICAL PREPARATION OF PRODUCTION OF THE MACHINING SHOP
We have described a simulation model for the technological preparation of the production of a machining shop. The described simulation model allows to estimate the efficiency of the production process of machining based on the analysis of economic indicators and product quality indicators. The evaluation of product quality is based on the theoretical calculation of the total processing error. We have described a mathematical model for calculating the accuracy of machining.
10.18721/JEST.230219
658.512.4.07
SIMULATION MODEL; ACCURACY OF MECHANICAL TREATMENT; MACHINING; TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT; CUTTING MODES.
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.19/
19_khrustaleva.pdf
RAR
RUS
223-232
Artiukh
Viktor
Nikitchenko
Andrei
Podgornaya
Nadezhda
Chigareva
Irina
Chernysheva
Nataliia
ANALYSIS OF THE WORKING EFFICIENCY OF SELF-LEAKING GAUK NODES OF FASTENING THE RAIL JOBS
The paper presents an assessment of the functional qualities of self-tightening nuts developed in «Agropromimpeks-2000» Trade House Ltd. The goal of the article is in studying the influence of the design parameters of a nut on its functional properties. The main functional property of this nut is self-retardation in the absence of axial forces. This property is provided because the nut together with the screw bolt represents a previously strained couple in which permanent preliminary loading is provided with guaranteed tightness. The second functional property of the nut is its ability to self-tighten under loading in case this loading decreases. The self-tightening conditions are revealed, which are force and deformation; suggestions for improving the quality of self-tightening, and also connection durability are given (for bolts and self-tightening nuts). The studied self-tightening nut is recognized as promising both for mainline and industrial tracks. We have identified the future directions of studying the self-tightening nuts. The nut could be improved by reducing its weight and increasing its strength and durability.
10.18721/JEST.230220
625.143.4:621.882.3–592.356
NUT; RAIL JOINT; THREADED CONNECTION; SELF-SCREWING; PRE-TIGHTENING; DEFORMATION
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.20/
20_artyukh.pdf
PER
RUS
233-236
SYROEZHINA
Yuliya
ANNIVERSARY OF RAISA VASILYEVNA DEGTYAREVA
The article outlines the life and professional development of Raisa Vasilyevna Degtyareva, doctor of historical sciences, professor, head of the Department of History and the permanent Academic Secretary of the Academic Council of SPbPU for many years. The article describes R.N. Degtyareva’s main achievements as a scientist and as an administrator. The article is published in connection with R.N. Degtyareva’s 75th anniversary and her great contributions to the development of the university.
10.18721/JEST.230221
001:929
SOCIAL SCIENTIST; SYSTEM THINKING; PROFESSIONAL CULTURE OF INTELLIGENTSIA; WORLDVIEW; TRADITIONS OF POLYTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.21/
21_syroezhina.pdf
PER
RUS
237-241
Morachevski
Andrey
morachevski@mail.ru
Firsova
Elena
ACADEMICIAN ILYA ROMANOVICH PRIGOGINE (on the occasion of the 100th birth anniversary)
Ilya Romanovich Prigogine, an outstanding scientist of Russian origin specializing in physical chemistry and chemical thermodynamics, professor of the University of Brussels, was born in Moscow in 1917. In 1921, his family left Russia. They first lived in Lithuania for about a year, then moved to Germany where they lived until 1929, and after that finally settled in Belgium. In 1940, Ilya Prigogine graduated from the Free University of Brussels where he taught after graduation until the end of his life. Without severing ties with the University of Brussels, starting from 1967 the scientist spent part of his time in the USA, serving as a professor at the University of Texas. In 1977, Prigogine was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research in thermodynamics of irreversible processes and especially for studies in dissipative structures. Ilya Prigogine was a member of academies of many countries worldwide, including Russia, was awarded honorary doctorates by several dozens of universities, and received numerous prestigious scientific awards. Prigogine died in Brussels in 2003.
10.18721/JEST.230222
51/53(051)
ILYA PRIGOGINE; NOBEL LAUREATE IN CHEMISTRY; THERMODYNAMICS OF IRREVERSIBLE PROCESSES; DISSIPATIVE STRUCTURES; FREE UNIVERSITY OF BRUSSELS; INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY; MEMBER OF THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE OF BELGIUM; FOREIGN MEMBE
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.22/
22_morachevskiy.pdf
PER
RUS
242-248
Demidov
Alexander
ph-chem@ftim.spbstu.ru
Chernovets
Boris
EDISONS SECONDARY CELL (for the 170th anniversary of his birthday)
The history of the creation of the nickel-iron battery by the famous American inventor T.A. Edison is discussed. The design of the electrodes is considered along with the electrochemical processes occurring during charge and discharge of a battery. In this review, phases of the hard work which led to the invention of the battery are demonstrated. The battery appeared «strong as a battleship and accurate as a clock».
10.18721/JEST.230223
001:929
ALKALI; SECONDARY CELL; IRON; NICKEL
https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2017.100.23/
23_demidov.pdf