Global Energy

REV RUS 8-14 7102629343 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russia Vasil'ev Yuriy interserv@spbstu.ru

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Yurevich Evgeny yurevich@rtc.ru The most important mission of the Higher Technical School New challenges for High school in terms of Russia’s commitment to the innovative development were discussed. The priority is training of elite specialists — new chief designers, focused on creation of revolutionary technology. It requires development of cooperation with secondary school in training of worthy prospective students as part of technical club activities. 10.5862/JEST.214.1 377; 378 INNOVATION THEORY ENABLING TECHNOLOGY SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL CREATION The Higher Technical School. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.1/ 1_vasilev.pdf

RAR RUS 15-21 Popkov Evgeny enpopkov@gmail.com Andranovich Bogdan Kurilkin Aleksei Mathematical model of a steam turbine back pressure and into account the thermal load of electric power stations Presented is the detailed analysis of the effect the back-pressure turbine has on . the electromechanical transient processes with regard to the frequency variation in deficient areas at heat power plants and other heavy users of thermal energy. Developed are the recommendations for mathematical modeling of the back-pressure turbines for the electric power system and grids transient calcularions. 10.5862/JEST.214.2 621.316 Back-pressure turbine heat energy consumer electromechanical transient processes considering frequency variation simulation model deficit power system. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.2/ 2_popkov.pdf

RAR RUS 22-29 Shabanov Alexander aush2003@mail.ru Zaitsev Alexey abzaytsev@mail.ru Metelev Andrey petmet@mail.ru Pystovalov Iurii SIMULATION PARAMETERS OF FRICTION AND WEAR CONJUGATION IN THE FRICTION CYLINDER AND PISTON ASSEMBLIES DURING THE ACTUAL OPERATING CYCLE The article presents the results of research, which aims to develop a model of the friction units of the cylinder group— couples «piston ring— cylinder liner» and «trunk piston— cylinder liner», which takes into account the change in the real state of the working surfaces of mating parts and lubricating oil. Examined are the factors that have a progressive impact on the operation of the engine friction units while their wearing out. Assessed is the impact of these factors on the wear and its forecasting. We propose a method for predicting the operation life and the real state of the engine. 10.5862/JEST.214.3 621.31 WEAR THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE LIFE PREDICTION ENGINE OIL. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.3/ 3_shabanov.pdf

RAR RUS 30-36 Isaev Yurii ymi30@mail.ru Sunarchin Robert Matrosov Artiom Mathematical modeling of electrohydraulic drive for hydraulic turbine The results of a systematic study of two mathematical models of multi-actuator electro-hydraulic drive designed for ring gate of hydraulic turbine movement are presented in the work. The main factors, such as the load capacity, the external forces, additionally applied to the servo cylinders, and manufacturing error of hydraulic cylinder pistons, which have a negative impact on the synchronization of the servo cylinders movement, have been investigated. Functional dependences of synchronization error from these factors have been obtained. These dependences allow us to develop reasonable recommendations for selecting the main parameters of the hydraulic drive and determine the operation regularities of this drive. 10.5862/JEST.214.4 621.225.2: 62.822 RING GATE OF HYDRAULIC TURBINE MULTIACTUATOR HYDRAULIC DRIVE SYNCRONIZATION OF HYDRAULIC CYLINDER MATHEMATICAL MODELING. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.4/ 4_isaev.pdf

RAR RUS 37-47 Borishanskii Konstantin knb37@mail.ru INCREASE OF MEASUREMENTS ACCURACY OF STEAM TURBINES BLADES FLUTTER IN SERVICE The flutter of turbines blades may be a reason of the blades damage. In this paper considered are the advantages and the drawbacks of the registration of the similar flutter with help of the modern variant of the discrete-phase method. Indicated is that additional errors in the flutter registration may be due to the torsion and longitudinal vibration of turbine and generator rotors assembly, as well as axial vibration of the stator details where the induction gauges are fastened, which was caused by the self-excited vibrations of the shoulder blades with in-phase natural forms. Recommended are the measures to reduce the errors in measurements. 10.5862/JEST.214.5 621.165 STEAM TURBINE BLADE FLUTTER DISCRETE-PHASE METHOD MEASUREMENT INDUCTION GAUGE VIBRATION RELIABILITY. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.5/ 5_borishchanskiy.pdf

RAR RUS 48-58 Stogov Aleksei Belyaev Andrey andrey.belyaev@gmail.com Multi-objective optimization of Kaplan runner blade shape Nowadays runner blade shape optimization methods based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) are being developed throughout the whole world. In the present paper several Kaplan turbine features that complicate the application of the optimization methods as compared to Francis turbines, are being analyzed.The method of multi-point multi-objective optimization of the Kaplan runner blade shape is presented. This method is aimed to increase the efficiency both in the best efficiency point (BEP), and in the full load point with improvement of cavitation characteristics of the runner in the most cavitation-dangerous point. Based on the developed method, the program module for Kaplan turbine design was created. This module was included in the fully integrated software system «CADRUN-opt». Kaplan runner blades of various specific speeds were designed by using this software system. 10.5862/JEST.214.6 621.313.322 Kaplan turbine runner blade multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.6/ 6_belyaev.pdf

RAR RUS 59-70 Semenova Alexandra Semenova_AV@lmz.power-m.ru Chirkov Denis chirkov@ict.nsc.ru Skorospelov Vladimir Multi-objective optimization of Kaplan runner blade shape Nowadays runner blade shape optimization methods based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) are being developed throughout the whole world. In the present paper several Kaplan turbine features that complicate the application of the optimization methods as compared to Francis turbines, are being analyzed.The method of multi-point multi-objective optimization of the Kaplan runner blade shape is presented. This method is aimed to increase the efficiency both in the best efficiency point (BEP), and in the full load point with improvement of cavitation characteristics of the runner in the most cavitation-dangerous point. Based on the developed method, the program module for Kaplan turbine design was created. This module was included in the fully integrated software system «CADRUN-opt». Kaplan runner blades of various specific speeds were designed by using this software system. 10.5862/JEST.214.7 621.224.35 Kaplan turbine runner blade multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.7/ 7_semenova.pdf

RAR RUS 71-78 Steshenkov Leonid steshenkov@spbstu.ru Zyssin Leonid lv_zyssin@mail.ru generalized of Experimental researcН of heat exchance in development of nucleate boiling microbiological matter and model liquids Summarized are the results of experimental investigation of heat transfer in fully developed nucleate boiling in vertical tubes and plane-parallel channels of some working environments typical for biotechnology: cultural liquids, neutralization, osteoporosis, groggily suspension, water solutions poliglyukina. The analysis of the experiment results showed that for a number of microbiological environments the calculation of boiling heat transfer can be accomplished using well-known dependencies. Experimental data are compared with the well-known dependencies and they are the basis for the formula allowing in the corresponding to the experiments the range of the regime parameters for the conditions of a stable flow in turbulent and transitional flow areas to perform the engineering calculations of the devices where the process of the developed nucleate boiling.is actualized 10.5862/JEST.214.8 621.1.016:536.2 HEAT TEXCHANGE CONVECTION FORSE FLOW BOILING EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.8/ 8_steshenkov.pdf

RAR RUS 79-88 Minaev Oleg minaev.op@bk.ru METHOD OF COMPACTION OF FOUNDATIONS AND STRUCTURES VIDRATORI FOR DIP TONGUE IN HYDROPOWER CONSTRUCTION Vibrator and developed on the basis of it the Russian method of the bases vibratory compaction by means of longitudinal vibration with spatial seal in the form of “vibroelochki” is widely used throughout the world to dive tongue and vibro sandy soils bases such as both saturated or slightly wet, and their combinations. The paper presents the results of a theoretical study on the developed simulation model and field tests of the method of deep vibro grounds showing its shortcomings. These disadvantages have been most clearly manifested when thick layer of sandy grounds (9m and more) was compacted. In this paper we show that a certain vibratory disadvantages can be eliminated or significantly reduced by the use of vibratory compactors with the placement of the radial elements at a given height in the bottom of the stem seal. This improves the vibratory specifications when working with reliable and economical vibrator. 10.5862/JEST.214.9 624.138.22 VIBRATORY PILE DRIVER THE PILE. VIBROPHONE (VIBROISOLATING) VIBRATION DEVICE THE VIBRATION METHOD OF COMPACTION DEEP COMPACTION LIQUEFACTION OF SOIL UPGRADED SEAL RELIABILITY EFFICIENCY https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.9/ 9_minaev.pdf

RAR RUS 89-96 Gerkusov Aleksei Gerkusov_Alex@mail.ru Optimization of the losses of electrical energy passed by air lines with voltage 110 kV and more In this paper classified are the technical losses by types. Examined and analyzed existent are the methods of calculation of conditionally-constant and loaded losses in the air lines of electrical transmission of common function. On the basis of the minimum relative energy losses obtained is a new objective function, conducted is optimization of the total comparative electrical energy and determined are the current minimum losses in lines . To motivate consumers and supply companies to provide the optimal planning and implementation of energy saving measures as a standard of technique electrical energy loss, it is recommended to adopt value relative losses applicable to this current. Conducted is the factor analysis of changes in relative energy losses depending on variable parameters and technical characteristics of a given transmission line. 10.5862/JEST.214.10 621.372.001 LINES OF ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUE LOSS OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY THE CURRENT MINIMUM LOSSES STANDARD OF LOSSES NOMINAL VOLTAGE. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.10/ 10_gerkusov.pdf

RAR RUS 97-105 Atroshenko Iuliana Ozerova Irina Strizhak Pavel pavelspa@tpu.ru Research of the Thermal Contact Conditions Influence on the Results of Superficial Thermocouples Measurements In operation results of numerical researches of the heat transfer processes are rendered in «the measured environment — the surface thermoelectric transformer» system. By means of the developed model of heat transfer research of influence on results of measurements of value of air gap between the thermocouple and a body surface is estimated (body temperature is measured). It is shown that the air gap value has an essential impact on the necessary duration of heating of a sensitive element (minimum time of measurements). Maximum permissible magnitues of these gaps values for the measurements in real practice are set. Experiments to assess the numerical research results adequacy of are made. 10.5862/JEST.214.11 53.088.228 HEAT TRANSFER THERMOCOUPLE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT DURATION ERROR MATHEMATICAL SIMULATIO https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.11/ 11_atroshenko.pdf

RAR RUS 106-113 Kokunov Iurii New criteria for energy efficiency of induction motors with squirrel-cage rotor winding The explanation and method of calculation of motor slip and functions connected with it are introduced in this report. These functions are providing consumption of high and maximal electric energy by low-power asynchronous engine including asynchronous engine with squirrel-cage rotor. T equivalent circuit of asynchronous engine is used for investigation. Using electric T equivalent circuit of asynchronous engine implies that changing equivalent impedances, such as inductive reactance and active resistance, have dependence from motor slip (gliding). It promotes a problem of researching of the dependence difference and ratio of this impedance from motor slip when steady operation mode is used. This problem has solution by analytic and calculation methods and allows to define the parameters, such as cos j, useful capacity, input current, in a narrow interval of gliding during the operation mode. The expression for calculating extreme gliding which limits the area with high and maximal coefficient of using electric energy is shown. Study of dependence of actions of difference and ratio parts of equivalent impedances from gliding shows the existing of two glides. The least of them provides a higher coefficient of using electric energy. With increasing of gliding the aforementioned coefficient reaches its maximal value. The solution results confirm correctness of the chosen method. 10.5862/JEST.214.12 621.313.333.2 induction motor scheme slippage efficiency stability. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.12/ 12_kokunov.pdf

RAR RUS 114-122 Solovyev Yuriy yury.solovyev@yahoo.com Tadzhibaev Aleksei Nazarythev Alеksandr Development of the method of assessing the covered conductors state due to electrical ageing in moisture and pollution environment Practical importance to find the solution for the condition assessment of covered conductors due to electrical ageing under moisture and pollution effects is proved on the basis of field experience. For the first time ever the analysis of combined impacts with aspect to construction and material properties on tracking erosion of covered conductor and plastic components of OHL accessories has been performed. High voltage laboratory setup for accelerated ageing tests is performed. The detailed description of the test method is given. The technical condition assessment method based on the leakage current measurement is developed. The given diagnostic parameter provides the opportunity to its wide application within diagnostic procedures for condition assessment during electrical ageing in moisture and pollution environment. 10.5862/JEST.214.13 621.315.35 covered conductor condition assessment pollution moisture electrical ageing leakage current. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.13/ 13_solovev.pdf

RAR RUS 123-129 Rudskoj Andrey rector@spbstu.ru Sokolov Yuriy s5577@inbox.ru Kopaev Vladimir vkopaev_ela@mail.ru specifics OF MODELLING OF the PROCESS OF RECEIVING GRANULES BY PREP METHOD Modeling of the process of receiving granules by using of specialized industrial technological plant is demonstrated in the article. The plant is equipped with a dispersion camera, an electrode rotation mechanism, a knot of the gas mix supply, a source of plasma heating, a system of water cooling of the camera walls. The method of the rotating electrode with plasma heating (PREP) is used. By this method the rotating electrode moves in the dispersion camera where, as a result of melting by the plasma arch, a liquid film of metal forms at an end face of the electrode. The mathematical model of the process with all the technological operations is developed. It is shown that numerical modeling of the process of cooling of the sprayed metal particles in the gas environment allows to predict the most important parameters of process and to choose the most favorable values of the equipment parameters. 10.5862/JEST.214.14 621.762 POWDER METALLURGY COMPOSITE MATERIALS ELECTRON BEAM SYNTHESIS MATHEMATICAL MODELLING GRANULES METHOD PREP HEAT- MASS TRANSFER GAS ENVIRONMENT. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.14/ 14_rudskoy.pdf

RAR RUS 130-138 Gorynin Vladimir z1dehy97@mail.wplus.net Stolniy Viktor metlabprom@mail.ru Olenin Mihail 1951vika@mail.ru Cvetkova Tatyana Tanechkina@mail.ru INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGY FACTORS ON the QUALITY OF SHEET PREPARATIONS FROM 10Cr15Ni9Si3Nb1-SH (EP302-SH) STEEL The new technology of hot plastic deformation and heat treatment of sheet hire from 20 to 200 mm thick from steel 10Cr15Ni9Si3Nb1-SH (EP302-SH) is developed. Relevance of improvement of the quality of sheet preparations from the EP302-SH steel applied in nuclear power plant engineering is shown. The structure and mechanical properties of steel at different stages of technological process of production of preparations are studied. It is shown that the offered technology of heat treatment from rolling heating of sheet hire from 20 to 120 mm thick from steel 10H15N9S3B1-SH allows to exclude from the technological process a stage of heat treatment in furnaces that increases strength properties, reduces the cost of preparations, the expense of energy carriers, favorably influencing the environment. 10.5862/JEST.214.15 669.1.017:621.78:620.18 SHEET HIRE STEEL MICROSTRUCTURE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES HEAT TREATMENT. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.15/ 15_gorynin.pdf

RAR RUS 139-147 Anikin Aleksandr Galevsky Gennadiy kafcmet@mail.ru Rudneva Victoria Development of scientific and technology basics of using of lignite char in the synthesis of silicon carbide Thermodynamics is investigated and the optimal temperature-time regimes of carbidization of the briquetted charge microsilica — lignite char are defined. In Si — O — C and Si — O — C — H systems carbide formation is the dominant process, when the stoichiometric composition of the charge the maximum content in the products of recovery of silicon carbide is achieved at 1700 K. The full carbonization of charge in conditions of heat treatment is reached at temperature of 1923 — 1973 K with duration of 20 — 15 minutes. Technological expediency, conditions and rates of chemical enrichment of carbidization products are established. The phase, chemical, granulometric compositions and morphology of silicon carbide particles are investigated. Revealed is that the carbide of the cubic structure (b-SiC) is formed during carbonization. The carbide content after enrichment is over 90 %. The silicon carbide is obtained in the form of micropowder with a specific surface area 8000 — 9000 m2/kg, the particle size range of 0.2 — 1.0 micron, having an irregular shape. 10.5862/JEST.214.16 621.921.26 Silicon carbide silica fume lignite char chemical enrichment micropowder. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.16/ 16_anikin.pdf

RAR RUS 148-154 Levchenko Aleksei Panchenko Oleg Zhabrev Leonid Metik Anastasia Lorents Iliia Vacuum rebaking as a method for diffusible hydrogen reducing in SAW weld metal The investigation of the influence of vacuum in furnace during welding flux heat treatment of moisture content in flux and diffusible hydrogen content in SAW weld metal has been conducted. The parameters of welding flux heat treatment in vacuum similar to manufacturer with moisture content in flux and diffusible hydrogen content in SAW weld metal are estimated. The data about the hydration speed of agglomerated welding flux on air are obtained. Variations of flux heat treatment efficiency are proposed. 10.5862/JEST.214.17 621.791.92 flux heat treatment agglomerated welding flux diffusible hydrogen moisture hydration submerged arc welding. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.17/ 17_levchenko.pdf

RAR RUS 155-164 Galevsky Gennadiy kafcmet@mail.ru Rudneva Victoria Garbuzova Alina kafcmet@sibsiu.ru Electrodeposition, structure and properties of a composite covering «nickel — titanium carbide» Electrodeposition conditions, structure, as well as physical and mechanical properties (microhardness, coupling with a basis, internal tension, wear resistance, corrosion currents) of galvanic composite coverings on the basis of nickel with nanopowder (NP) of titanium carbide (dimensional range (0,02 — 0,08 microns)) and its micropowder (MT) (1 — 5 micron) are investigated. It is established that at electrodeposition of nickel from electrolyte — suspension metal nickel at first is besieged on the nanoparticles weighed in electrolyte, then nanoparticles are strongly attached to a substrate, easily and evenly growing into a deposit. Unlike micropowder, nanopowder of carbide is not only a filler, acting as a strong structure-forming agent in the course of electrocrystallization of nickel and providing its mass multigerminal character that leads to formation of coverings with small sizes of structural fragments, characteristic opaque color, almost pore-free with the increased physical and mechanical properties. The coverings contain, %: Ni — 97,39; O — 1,79; Ti — 0,65; C — 0,17. Annealing of the coverings in vacuum promotes the increase of their coupling with a basis by 1,3 times, microhardness by 1,2 times, wear resistance by 1,3 times. Covering Ni — NP TiC can be recommended for anticorrosive protection and hardening of the details working very hard at average district speeds and low specific loadings. 10.5862/JEST.214.18 661.665 nickel titanium carbide composite covering electrolyte — suspension. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.18/ 18_galevskiy.pdf

RAR RUS 165-179 Chumakov Evgeniy chumakov.ev@mail.ru RESEARCH OF METAL MATERIALS LONG AND SHORT-TERM MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR CORRELATION Creep and short-term mechanical properties of various metals and alloys are experimentally investigated. Aluminum and copper of various purity, copper alloy with 4 at. % of the titan, standard aluminum alloys, stainless steels and alloys are considered. Correlation between various mechanical properties is established. The specified parameter of comparative assessment of operational reliability of constructional materials is offered and the possibility of its application in technological processes of machine-building production is shown. The way of processing of creep testing experimental results, that is the basis for the rapid determination of metals and alloys deformation behavior within a wide temperature and tension range, is offered. Processing of experimental data of creep by the offered method showed that schedules of dependence of the reactor speed and the thermal creep on a specified parameter, representing a difference of the specified temperature and rated tension, have an appearance of straight lines. High economic efficiency of the suggested way is shown. 10.5862/JEST.214.19 539.376:621 RESULTED TEMPERATURE NORMALIZED PRESSURE RESULTED PARAMETER MECHANICAL PROPERTIES STRUCTURAL MATERIALS YIELD STRENGTH CREEP. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.19/ 19_chumakov.pdf

RAR RUS 180-185 X-7003-2018 7003652230 0000-0002-7886-3637 Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg), Germany Michailov Vesselin michailov@b-tu.de

Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany

Kodzhaspirov Georgij kodjaspirov@mail.ru Isupov Fedor ANALYSIS OF THE METHODS FOR ALUMINIUM FOAM SANDWICHES MANUFACTURING TO PRODUCE LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURES Aluminium foam sandwich (AFS) is one of the most perspective product versions based on state-of-art material science achievements, being intended to be used in light constructions production in different technological areas. The article is a review, presenting the analysis of the current state of research in this area. The peculiarities of production technique of the sandwich type and their applications in industry are presented in the paper. The advantages and disadvantages of sandwich-connection produced by different production technique are discussed. Some characteristics of physical-mechanical properties of aluminium foam, examples of AFS practical application and perspectives of expansion application area as well are demonstrated. 10.5862/JEST.214.20 669.2.017:543 Lightweight constructions aluminium foam sandwich aluminium foam porous structure production application area. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.20/ 20_mikhaylov.pdf

RAR RUS 186-193 Plotnikov Dmitri Sokolov Sergey sokolov_sa@rambler.ru 8840090300 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russia Borovkov Alexey

Russia, 195251, St.Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29

Michailov Alexandr Strength estimation method for metal structures of hoisting equipment The main problem considered in this article is prediction of strength for welding structures of hoisting equipment. Developed is a method of estimation of plastic strain limits for welding structures that takes into account all the most important factors influencing strength and plastic properties of a welding joint (such as stress concentration factors and residual stresses, environment temperature). These factors are implemented with the help of a special welded model. The static test, described in this article, was conducted at normal temperature. Analysis of the stress-strain state of the fracture area is based on the finite element method. As a result of investigation the limits of the plasticity of the welding joint were estimated 10.5862/JEST.214.21 620.171.2 Steel structure welding joint testing plasticity strength finite element method. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.21/ 21_plotnikov.pdf

RAR RUS 194-199 Demidov Nikolai Combined distribution of gear ratios in the gearbox transport vehicles For the design of the traction calculation of transport machines the algorithm of the combined breakdown of gear ratios in the transmissions based on the dependencies that minimize the deviation speed traction characteristics from the ideal in the mean square sense. The combined breakdown of transmission increases the transport efficiency of the machines in comparison with traditional methods. The combined distribution gear ratios of gearbox increase the transport efficiency of the machines in comparison with traditional methods and can be used for practical calculations. Suggested is a simplified linearized method of combined distribution gear ratios for use as a first approximation, which might be exploited in the educational process. 10.5862/JEST.214.22 629.113.001.2 Design traction calculation of the vehicle distribution ratios of the gearbox including transmission gearbox the parameters of distribution ratios of the gearbox the gear ratio of the gearbox parameter of the distribution ratios of the gearbox. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.22/ 22_demidov.pdf

RAR RUS 200-208 Yeliseyev Vladimir Bahrami Mohammad A diagnostic machine on power transmission lines: configuration and mechanical challenges In this article a novel inspection machine for high-voltage electrical line has been proposed and mathematical modeling issues of its movement along the conductors have been considered. In order to improve the mechanical mechanism and achieve dynamical stability to navigate through overhead electrical transmission lines, variation methods for problems of string have been considered. However, DMAs operation might be subject to failures because of the conductor vibration. Even in the case of slow movement of the machine, intensive vibrations and stipulated by them significant inertial loading might occur. The behavior of the inspection machine while it is traveling through high-voltage electrical transmission lines has been studied. 10.5862/JEST.214.23 62-742 automatic machine power transmission lines inspection string vibration Lagrange equations elastic thread computer mathematics. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.23/ 23_eliseev.pdf

RAR RUS 209-215 GricaI A.S. Kaplienko Andrei Donchenko Denis PaIchadze Boris Hydrodynamic processes in rotary slide valve Testing of the rotary slide valve (RSV) model prototype has revealed adverse effects which do not allow RSV to operate normally within a specified range of fluid parameters. These adverse effects include an occurrence of a significant force that acts on the servo actuator for the valve, thus preventing RSV from opening when water-steam mixture is flowing, and violent vibrations leading to RSV damage when superheated steam is flowing. The possible causes of these effects have been analyzed based on 3D calculations of hydrodynamic properties of RSV flow passage using the STAR-CD package and 3D calculations of thermal mechanical behavior of RSV structure using the ANSYS Mechanical package. The temperature and stress-strained state calculations have shown that for the existing valve clearances the structure deformation under temperature gradients cannot cause an increase in the friction forces which hamper the slide movement for opening RSV. Results of special-purpose experiments have demonstrated that it is hydrodynamic forces that prevent RSV from opening and the value of these forces is determined by the fluid parameters and degree of RSV opening. The hydrodynamic calculations have demonstrated improvement in the RSV vibration behavior under reverse fluid flow. 10.5862/JEST.214.24 62–3:532:534:536.24 rotary slide valve testing calculations hydrodynamics thermal mechanics vibrations. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.24/ 24_gritsay.pdf

RAR RUS 216-225 Gavrilov Petr Seismic analysis of cranes regarding geometric and physical nonlinearities The paper studies the problem of factoring geometric and physical nonlinearities in seismic analysis of cranes. Experimental study of factoring nonlinear characteristics of dynamics model was conducted. A series of mathematic models were developed to describe different ways of linearization of the experimental model. Comparison of results shows that physical nonlinearity of wire ropes is not required as a factor in the seismic analysis of cranes. Herewith contacts between wheel and rail and one-sided stiffness of wire ropes are required to be taken into account. Any liberalization of dynamic model entails deviation of stresses, displacements and accelerations as results of the analysis. 10.5862/JEST.214.25 621.873 seismic analysis crane eksperimental study nonlinear dynamics model. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.25/ 25_gavrilov.pdf

RAR RUS 226-234 Vasiliev A.V. andrspan@yandex.ru Lopota Aleksandr rtc@rtc.ru Mass-dimensional groups elaboration of ground remotely operated vehicles for hazardous environments Different types of ground mobile robot’s classification methods are studied and two known mass and dimension classification variants are displayed. New classes of mobile robots are introduced: so-called mini-robots, divided into Small unmanned ground vehicles (SUGV) and Ultra light reconnaissance mini-robots (ULRR), and micro robots, i.e. throwable robots. Typical particularities of those types of robots are studied. SUGV-sized robots appeared in about 2000 and their quantity keeps growing. The principal SUGV destination is reconnaissance. The small size and weight allow to consider mini- and micro robots as portable (man-transportable) robotic systems. Ultra light mini-robots and micro robots are characterized by ability of throwing up, for example, over any barrier, i.e. up to a window of a building, over high fence, etc. In compliance with the above-stated arguments, an incorporated variant of the mass-dimensional classification, augmented and elaborated, is proposed. 10.5862/JEST.214.26 007.52:621.865.8 mobile robot mass dimensions analysis classification mini-robot micro robot. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.26/ 26_lopota.pdf

REV RUS 235-244 Zheleznyakov Alexander zheleznyakov@rtc.ru COSMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD IN 2014 The summarized information on results of space activity of the countries worldwide in 2014 is presented in this work. In section Key Events the major achievements of the world cosmonautics for the last year are highlighted. In section Manned Missions detailed information on the accomplished missions for the calendar year and also on their participants is presented. Special attention is payed to extravehicular activity. In section Space-Vehicle Launching in-depth analysis of spacefaring nations’ launching activity is given. Information on accomplished launchings of interplanetary probes in 2014 and also on activity of space vehicles is given in section Interplanetary En-route. In conclusion the forecast of developments in 2015 is presented. 10.5862/JEST.214.27 629.78 ASTRONAUTICS; SPACECRAFT; ASTRONAUT; LAUNCH VEHICLE SITE; TELECOMMUNICATIONS; INTERPLANETARY FLIGHTS; NAVIGATION. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.27/ 27_zheleznyakov.pdf

PER RUS 245-248 Petrenia Iurii CHIEF DESIGNER OF HYDROTURBINES (To the centenary anniversary of Gleb Stepanovich Schogolev (1915–1983) Prof. Shchegolev is a graduate of Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnical University, pursuivant of scientific and design school traditions after Prof. Voznesenskiy and Prof.Kovalev, a prominent designer of hydroturbines. His birth centenary is at the 15th of August 2015. Under his leadership hydroturbines for more than 50 hydro power plants in Russia and worldwide were designed. Creation of the world standard hydroturbines provided the high scientific level of designing. Worldwide level of hydroturbines was based on deep scientific background of designing. A number of solutions in design and technology of hydroturbines was actually invented and used in global practice. 10.5862/JEST.214.28 001:929 CHIEF DESIGNER; HYDROTURBINE; DESIGN; TECHNOLOGY; HYDRO POWER PLANT. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.28/ 28_petrenya.pdf

UNK RUS 248-251 Demidov Alexander ph-chem@ftim.spbstu.ru X-ray The interesting facts from the biography of the outstanding German scientific Nobel Prize laureate Wilhelm Conrad Rôntgen (1845–1923) and history of discovering of the beams called by his name are given. The history of his childhood, unusual data on his education are described. Work stages, interest in creativity, science are consistently shown. It is told about Wilhelm Konrad Rôntgen’s colleagues who considerably influenced his professional career. Scientific achievements and discovering of the scientist are considered, and also the assessment is shown by the scientific world community of these achievements. Interesting examples from Rôntgen’s life which brightly characterize him as the balanced, keen and uncommon person are given. 10.5862/JEST.214.29 001:66 Rôntgen; X-ray; physics; tube; outstanding scientists. https://engtech.spbstu.ru/article/2015.91.29/ 29_demidov.pdf